Switch to Linux: Blue Screen of Death (BSoD) in Apple Mac OS X

Apple seems to be going the way of Microsoft and the rest of the crowd of pedestrian software vendors. First their iPhone 3G failed to deliver the goods. Then there were security issues galore. Then the Mobile Me fiasco. And now the last bastion has also developed chinks in its hitherto impregnable armour. The famed and fabled Apple Mac OS X has been greeting its users with the Blue Screen of Death that has always been associated to Microsoft Windows. Windows, a victim of vicious derision from the Mac fan boys, probably had the last laugh.

With the OS X 10.5.6 update Apple has left many of its loyal customers with unusable machines. Some complain that the only thing they are able to see after start up is a blue screen like the one with which Microsoft Windows users are all too familiar. Many others have complained about an infinite reboot loop, while others have seen their spanking new and expensive systems freeze up. One business customer actually had the misfortune of suffering from seven of his Apple computers freezing up with the update. When he contacted the customer service he was told that the reason for the freeze up may have been due to the number of third party applications that have been installed. WHAT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! This comes from a customer service that is supposedly the best in the business? So does Apple expect us to only install applications that it has “approved” ? Are we going to see an App Store concept for the computers soon? Imagine Microsoft selling its Office suite for the Mac OS X through Apple’s App Store. That would be a day to remember. )

This is yet another blow to the bloated up egos of the Apple fan boys ? Is Apple’s bubble about to burst? I sure hope so.

To all the people who have been blind loyalists to Apple, WAKE UP!!! Embrace the power of open source. Switch to  Linux.

Kubuntu 8.10 Intrepid Ibex: Kvpnc broken

Kubuntu 8.10 Intrepid Ibex has been out for some time now. This version of Kubuntu sports the brand new KDE 4.1 Plasma theme that introduces a Mac OS like dashboard. The analogy with the Mac OS is just to make sure that people who are less aware of Kubuntu understand what I am talking about. Here’s a screen shot of my dashboard:

Nevertheless, since I run Kubuntu at my home it was very important for me to get my company VPN connection working. In the previous version, Hardy Heron, I had installed Kvpnc for this. Kvpnc is a GUI client for KDE that uses vpnc to connect to VPNs. In Hardy, all I had to do was import the Cisco (my company runs Cisco VPN servers) .pcf file provided by my company. And voila! I was in.

Keeping that experience in mind I tried the same thing in Intrepid. Disappointingly, it did not work. I kept getting an irritating “Authorization failed(Group password)” error. There was an even more cryptic “tun0: Disabled Privacy Extensions” message in the system logs. Initially I thought there must have been some change to the .pcf file. My IT department confirmed that there weren’t any. Puzzled I sat down to get this thing to work.

My previous Hardy installation was a 32-bit one whereas the Intrepid is a 64-bit one. Was that at fault? A bit of Googling did reveal that I might be right. Still not convinced and unready to give up I kept at it. But no matter what I tried I could not get it to work.

Finally when I was on the verge of giving up, I came across an article that mentioned decoding the group password. A bit of digging and I got to a web site that offered to decode the encoded group password that is specified in the .pcf file. Using that web site I retrieved the group password, fired up Kvpnc and specified the decoded value as the new group password and hit Ok. It worked!!!

Wow. So apparently the Kvpnc client does not do a very good job of decoding the encrypted group passwords that are present in the Cisco VPN .pcf files. Here’s the web site that helped me with the decoding.

Linux is illegal

Thats what a school teacher in a school teacher thinks. When this poorly informed lady found one of her students distributing free copies of the HeliOS Linux distribution she went ballistic. Not only did she claim that it was illegal she even went ahead and confiscated all the copies and put the student on detention.

This incompetent lady then contacted the vendor of the Linux distribution and wrote to the vendor:

I am sure you strongly believe in what you are doing but I cannot either support your efforts or allow them to happen in my classroom. At this point, I am not sure what you are doing is legal. No software is free and spreading that misconception is harmful.

I along with many others tried Linux during college and I assure you, the claims you make are grossly over-stated and hinge on falsehoods. I admire your attempts in getting computers in the hands of disadvantaged people but putting Linux on these machines is holding our kids back.

Putting on a carnival show for an operating system is not helping these children at all. I am sure if you contacted Microsoft, they would be more than happy to supply you with copies of an older verison [sic] of Windows and that way, your computers would actually be of service to those receiving them…

Well nothing could be further away from the truth than these preposterous claims of her’s. This Miss/Mrs Know-Nothing-At-All is probably the worst influence on the children she is supposedly “teaching”. Her thoughts seem to be bounded and as for operating systems that only thing that apparently exists for her is Microsoft Windows. Not even the famous and enormously popular Apple Mac OS?

Such stupid and incompetent people are one of the reasons why our younger generation are more enslaved to the bindware that comes of the Microsoft’s stables. Teachers are supposed to set the minds of those they teach free. Instead this lady was actually trying to covert them to vassals of one large corporation.

On another note, this incident should appear alarming to the Linux and by extension the entire open source software community. It is this exact mindset that we have to overcome to be successful. Microsoft with its billions of dollars was, is and will continue to brainwash people into believing that Windows is the only truth and nothing else exists.

Fragmentation in Linux hinders mass adoption

A few days back I ran a couple of posts titled Switch to Ubuntu Linux not Mac OS and Mac OS is better than Ubuntu: A myth. Both the articles generated significant interest amongst readers and there were quite a few comments. Most of the comments were in favor of the Mac OS and against Ubuntu. That led me to conclude that the Mac OS user community is extremely loyal towards it. Unfortunately the same cannot be said about the Linux users.

Of course there were a few Linux users who defended Linux against the onslaught of comments from the Mac users, but they were far outnumbered. I thought that the Linux users were a loyal and dedicated group of people who were passionate about the technology and had a unified voice against proprietary systems. Sad to say but that apparently is not the case.

Why is that so? Probably the answer lies in the fragmentation that exists in the Linux community. There are a whole lot of Linux distributions available in the market and each have their own base of loyal users. But these users will not come to the defense of a Linux distribution or flavor which is other than their own. So with Ubuntu/Kubuntu, SuSE, Fedora, Linux Mint, Mandriva, and a plethora of other distributions around this fragmentation in user loyalty is hurting Linux and open source as a whole.

What is needed is a set of standards that would abide all the Linux distribution vendors together. Most versions of Linux run either Gnome or KDE as their windowing system. Most use a kernel that comes from a single source. But the package management systems do vary from flavor to flavor. We can argue the merits and demerits of each of these but we have to reach a standard approach. Proprietary systems like Windows and Mac OS do not have this problem. Apple and Microsoft can dream of any “feature” and then incorporate that in their system. Loathe it or like it those “features” remain with you. In case of Linux the user is the driver. He/She decides what they want to keep or discard. Though this choice makes Linux a lot more attractive to many, it appears  intimidating to others. This is where we have to make things happen. This is where Linux needs to change.

There is not doubt that technically Linux is probably superior to both Windows and the Mac OS, but unfortunately user adoption rates are dismal. One of the major reasons is the lack of standards and the sooner the Linux community understands this the better for them.

The most common response to a proposal to use standards is “how are the vendors going to make money?”. Presence of standards does not tie vendors up. Rather it opens up newer opportunities for them. For instance if Linux comes up with a standard for package management, that would enforce a uniform binary distribution format for all Linux flavors. This is good because vendors do not have to release versions of their products for .deb, .rpm and other formats. Where Linux vendors can make their offerings more compelling is in defining good UI features, making file management easier, making program management better, etc. The opportunities are endless.

Standards are needed. Lets think of them as a common minimum program to which every Linux vendor subscribes. This would lead to greater interoperability between different distributions and also make it easier for people to choose. A common minimum program would guarantee certain features in all Linux systems. The rest is up to the Linux vendors

Mac OS is better than Ubuntu Linux: A myth

My post on switching to Ubuntu and not Mac OS generated a lot of interest both amongst Linux and Mac OS users. There were many comments on the post and some valid points were raised. Also there were a lot of myths that were put across. Here I try to dispel some of those:

The myths

• Ubuntu does not have a good UI : This is absolutely rubbish, checkout the new KDE that comes with Ubuntu.
• To install software a user has to use a command line on Ubuntu : Another false claim. The Synaptic package manager is brilliant and does not require interaction with the command line. There are some software that do need command line usage. Then again those won’t be ones an average user is going to use.
• You have to build software from source code on Ubuntu. This is not something an average user would be able to do : The software that come in source code form are definitely not intended for the average user. The ones that are meant for the average user come in binary formats that are easy to install.
• There are hardly any games on Ubuntu : For that matter how many games are there on Mac OS compared to Windows? So if it is ok for Mac OS users to run Windows through Parallels and play games on it then the same can be done on Ubuntu.
• Mac OS is great and thats the reason we have Hackintosh systems : Well Ubuntu comes free and can be installed on virtually any hardware. So the need for hacked systems does not arise.
• Multimedia playback support is not good in Ubuntu : Excuse me but could you define what is exactly meant by multimedia support? If its the capability to playback different file formats then I guess Ubuntu, for that matter Linux in general, has the most plug-ins. The reason they are not supported out-of-the-box is because of licensing problems. Yes Mac OS supports that, but then again you pay to get it. If you pay and get a commercial desktop Linux version you would get all the support you need.
• Mac OS “just works” and Ubuntu does not : What do you mean by that? What is this “just works” thing?
• Hardware support is limited on Ubuntu : The number of hardware components supported by Linux today is probably the second only to Windows. Check the HCL for Ubuntu.
• There are no Ubuntu based laptops available from the large PC vendors : Dell has a line of Ubuntu based laptops. Check them out. The fact that others do not sell them has no reflections on Ubuntu but on Microsoft’s licensing agreements with them. Dell is the only company who has the balls to take Microsoft on.
• I suffer from Apple envy : On the contrary actually. I love the Mac Book Pro and wanted to buy the new 15″  one. But then again I did not see a point in investing in something in which I would be locked in. Yes lock-in is a problem. Face it. The number of apps on Windows far outnumbers those on the Mac OS and that is one of the reasons why many people cannot switch to other operating systems from Windows.

Some truths

• Adobe CS3 and other Adobe multimedia applications are not available on Ubuntu : Quite true. But then whose fault is it? Ubuntu’s or Adobe’s? My take is that Adobe is being extremely short sighted in ignoring Linux. If they continue to do so they would pay dearly.
• Ubuntu does not have iTunes : True, but that affects people who are locked into Apple. Also Apple does not offer that on Ubuntu. And who is responsible for iTunes? Is that enough to not switch to Ubuntu? Someone wanting to use Google Chrome exclusively should then not consider Mac OS at all. Yeah we know that a Mac OS version is in the pipeline, but lets talk when it releases.

There is one thing that I have realized and that is Apple users are extremely loyal to Apple. Kudos to Apple to have achieved that. Windows does not have that. My previous article attracted comments from a lot of Apple loyalists. I was surprised that not an equal number of Linux supporters voiced their views. The only reason for this is the different Linux distros that are out there. Its probably time that they realized that even though it might be Fedora or OpenSuSE or Ubuntu or any other Linux variant, at the core they are all the same.

Switch to Ubuntu Linux not Apple Mac OS

For the past few years Apple has seen an increase in its laptop business due majorly to the dismal failure of Microsoft’s Windows Vista operating system. Umpteen number of reports have been published telling people why they should consider switching to the Mac OS now that Vista has failed, but not a single one has surfaced that spells out the merits of switching over to a variety of Linux.

Linux on the server side is pretty well established with Red Hat Enterprise Linux being the dominant flavour there. It is on the desktop that there is an ongoing war mainly between three parties – Microsoft, Apple and the host of Linux vendors. The availability of a large number of Linux distributions may initially confuse a user but a harder look quickly separates the wheat from the chaff and Ubuntu/Kubuntu emerges as the best.

Traditionally Linux adoption on the desktop has been plagued by the notion that it was difficult to handle. Its really a misconception. Ubuntu has changed the face of Linux ever since its launch. The current versions are sturdy, have very good UIs and are intuitive. Program management no longer needs knowledge of the various packaging systems but is driven by an elegant UI. Productivity applications on Linux have come a long way and the crown jewel in this category has got to be Open Office. Not only do you get a great word processor, a brilliant spreadsheet program, a fantastic presentation tool and a good desktop database but you also get compatibility for Microsoft Office documents. In the majority of cases, MS Office documents can be opened in Open Office without any changes. For e-mailing, there is Evolution that offers connectivity to Microsoft Exchange and also Mozilla Thunderbird. Calendar applications are galore. There are a host of commercial and open source tools for multimedia authoring,image manipulation and desktop publishing. Applications like Scribus, Blender 3D and GIMP are the best-of-breed and have the capacity to rival their commercial counterparts. For web browsing, Mozilla Firefox comes pre-installed.

If you are a developer programming in open technologies like Java/JEE or C/C++, adopting to Linux is really easy. All major JEE vendors support Linux as a platform for their offerings. Eclipse, NetBeans and IntelliJ are some of the best IDEs around that have Linux versions. For C/C++ there is KDevelop, Anjuta and many more IDEs offering best-of-breed features. Microsoft .net developers might have it a bit more difficult. Although Mono allows you to run .net applications on Linux, tooling support till now is not the greatest. In any case, if some one is going to use Microsoft technology for development, its much more likely that she/he would stick to Windows. So thats not really a great problem.

Ubuntu has a large number of hardware drivers in it making it very close to being the best distro for plug-n-play. In fact in a few areas it surpasses the great Apple Mac OS. Here’s an example. The Linksys WUSB54GC USB Wireless Adapter worked out of the box on Ubuntu 8.04 whereas in Mac OS it did not.

Security wise both Mac OS and Ubuntu are equally good though some would argue that Ubuntu is probably better. There are GUI tools available to tweak the security settings in a system. 

In the look and feel department, Linux has improved in leaps and bounds. In Gnome and KDE you have two of the best windowing systems. With the KDE 4.1.1  environment, users get a light, responsive, and aesthetically appealing desktop that can rival even the Mac OS. Also with Compiz it is possible to extract effects from a Linux desktop that were hitherto unavailable on any other system. I doubt it exists in the Mac.

So why are people not going over to Ubuntu? Beats me. If you are looking for commercial technical support, Ubuntu does offer that. If you are looking at extreme personalization options Ubuntu offers that, probably even more than the Mac OS. If you are looking for easy upgrades to future versions, Ubuntu offers that. If you are looking for ease of use, Ubuntu offers that. If you are looking for robustness and security, Ubuntu is the best. Ubuntu can be installed on all types of hardware and even on older hardware. Mac OS does not offer this flexibility.

The more I use Ubuntu, the more I fail to understand the lure of the Mac OS. Is it the snob value or stupidity that make people consider a Mac over Windows and not Ubuntu?

First impressions: Kubuntu 8.04 KDE 4 Remix

I tried out the latest 64 bit Kubuntu 8.04 KDE 4 Remix distribution recently and had a very mixed experience. This is not something that I had expected out of Kubuntu since I have had a pretty long and hassle free experience with it.

Firstly, the installation process somehow switched to an all-text mode without even telling me so. That is not something that happened when I try to install the non-KDE4 version of the same operating system. And yes the box I was installing on is the same. The keyboard auto-configure feature is a real pain in all the wrong places. It keeps on asking a seemingly unending series of questions. Of course there is the option of doing the configuration manually too. But still, the auto-configure could be done a lot more elegantly, maybe like the Mac OS. The problem with the text mode is that during partition it appears to be very unfriendly. A nice GUI is always more welcome.

Installation over, I logged into the new system running KDE 4.0. My poor PC is really low on graphics muscles and it was telling rightaway. The effects, once enabled, were jerky and not seamless enough for my liking. Disabling them did not make a huge lot of a difference. There are some nice features of KDE 4.0 of course. The Plasma UI looks good and with the supplied widgets you can actually get rid of the ugly panel at the bottom of the screen. That being said, removing the panel is not something for the faint at heart. You would have to edit a KDE configuration file. So if you are not comfortable with that idea, let it just be there. I moved the panel to the top and the icons just changed automatically. And they were meaningless. The KDE application launcher button changed to the Konqueror down arrow key and remained that way. Not good.

With add/remove programs I added a few essential software. To my surprise and unlike the non-KDE4 version of Kubuntu, the new applications did not appear automatically in the application launcher menu!!! I thought of editing the application launcher menu but just could not find out a way of doing it (of course you can again tinker around with config files, but that apart). Till now things were not looking good and I was very very disappointed. 

What next? There was an announcement on the Kubuntu website that KDE 4.1.1 could now be used with Kubuntu 8.04 and reportedly that had a lot of improvements. Very well then. I followed the instructions available on the Kubuntu website and installed KDE 4.1.1.

So in comes KDE 4.1.1 and things changed. Things changed for the better. Suddenly the UI seemed a bit more responsive. The effects worked better. The panel could be removed without making changes to cryptic configuration files. Newly installed applications showed up immediately in the application launcher menu. The menu editing option was back. There are still some issues with disabling/enabling effects, but nothing major. 

There was one small quirk though, the System Settings menu option appeared on the favorites section of the application launcher, but did not appear in th System menu. Odd. I checked through the menu editor and the option was there, but just did not show up. Is this something deliberate?

The biggest change I noticed was in the Dolphin file manager. Now its a pleasure to use. The previous version was just too unwieldy and I had dumped it in favor of Konqueror. But this time it has a lot of promise. Oh yes, Konqueror still remains.

These are just the initial impressions about the operating system. The only thing I felt was the need of a more powerful graphics processor. I strongly recommend using one that has at least 256 MB of video memory. Unfortunately I was running on a Intel G33/G31 with 64 MB of shared memory.

Kubuntu 8.04 KDE 4 Remix with the KDE 4.1.1 update gives us a glimpse of what the boys and girls at KDE are upto and needlessly to say that whatever they are doing is impressive. I for one am not complaining.

Ubuntu to take on Apple Mac OS: Says Canonical CEO

The desktop computing world has been dominated by Microsoft’s Windows family of operating systems for a long time. In North America, Apple’s Mac OS is also popular but nowhere near to the point of dislodging Windows from its position. Popularity of the PC further strengthened Windows since there were no viable alternatives available. Things started to change with the advent of Linux.

Though initially perceived as an operating system for the geeks and nerds, Linux has come a long way. What started as an intimidating system with just a command line has grown into a full blown consumer operating system with a very capable and good looking graphical user interface. Of course its still nowhere near to the Mac OS. Well if Mark Shuttleworth, CEO of Canonical, has his way then things look all set to change once more.

Canonical backs the Ubuntu/Kubuntu Linux flavors. These flavors provide the best bet for an alternative to Mac OS and Windows at the present moment. Ubuntu offers an elegant UI, easy management of programs and has made the command line almost redundant for users who are less technically inclined. The number of software available for Linux has grown exponentially as the open source movement gained momentum. 

The main reason that the desktop computing world hasn’t adapted quickly to the Ubuntu versions is because the systems are still not perceived to be user-friendly enough. And rightly so. There are still moments when you would need to go the command line and punch in a few commands. The very thought of doing this is enough to take Ubuntu out of the wishlist of many people.

Mark Shuttleworth wants to change all this, and his target is not Microsoft Windows but Apple Mac OS. The Mac OS has long been regarded as being the end word in user friendliness. All this time the numerous other attempts at bringing Linux to the mainline desktop has concentrated on making it more Windows like. I have always maintained that Linux has to be more compelling to a user than Windows to force a switch in allegiance. So the best bet would be to target the Mac OS rather than Windows.

To realize this, Mark Shuttleworth writes in his blog:

We are hiring designers, user experience champions and interaction design visionaries and challenging them to lead not only Canonical’s distinctive projects but also to participate in GNOME, KDE and other upstream efforts to improve FLOSS usability.

Whether his approach would be good enough to challenge the Mac OS in a span of 2 years is not known. At least he has the right ideas about this.

Our best wishes are with you on this Mark.

Microsoft attempts to get intimate with open source

For quite some time now, Microsoft has been trying to rally the support of open source activists and get on board the open source band wagon. Its attempts till now have bore little fruit, but the company has not given up. In Philippines, Microsoft recently established an open source laboratory and paid for a huge media coverage. This from a company that initially ignored Linux, then scoffed at it and finally launched a vitriolic attack against it.

From what has been said in their press release, interoperability and recycling of old computers seem to be a couple of areas which would be concentrated upon in this lab. Microsoft has been known to be notorious when it comes to interoperability. They have always maintained their own protocols and have flexed their muscles and forced other companies to comply with them rather than adopting global standards. Their business practices have been scrutinized and slammed by a lot of people and courts across the world. But they still are the number one software vendor on this planet.

Whether Microsoft has a hidden agenda behind this move is not known for certain, but it won’t be surprising if it does have one. Even though its dominance in the desktop computing arena is unquestionable, Microsoft had had very little success in the enterprise sphere where open source technologies like the LAMP stack and JEE have reigned for long. They have gone through a failed acquisition attempt of SAP and their enterprise projects like Project Green and Metro have never taken off. SQL Server, though improved vastly from its previous versions, still does not enjoy the same levels of popularity and performance as Oracle’s or IBM’s offerings.

Open source has stayed pretty much clear of Microsoft technologies and has embraced global standards and protocols. The popularity and widespread adoption of open source technologies have further alarmed Microsoft which did not believe in the value that open source offered. It tried to vilify the movement in many ways, including but not limited to publishing studies that it sponsored and that showed open source software in poor light. These attempts however have not returned the results that Microsoft expected. Instead open source actually gained from it as it came to attention of the IT heads of different organizations and appeared to be a viable option.

In the field of desktop computing, Microsoft, still the dominant force, has taken a very serious beating with the release of Windows Vista – a bloatware of a program that hogs resources for reasons apparently of little or no direct use to the users. Moreover the different flavors that it offered confused the buyers immensely. Microsoft is still fighting a lawsuit over misleading customers with the “Windows Vista Ready” tag on PCs that were clearly ready for certain version of the OS and not others. The biggest gainer out of this fiasco has been Apple whose sales have steadily picked up. In a lesser way, the desktop Linux offering of Ubuntu/Kubuntu have also registered increasing number of downloads and interest. Ubuntu/Kubuntu is probably the nearest possible alternative to Windows on the desktop.

So, practically on every front that Microsoft had been dominating till now, it is facing a challenge from open source that is getting stronger. It has realized hat it cannot outright kill a movement of this scale. When you can’t beat it you join it. That’s what Microsoft seems to be doing. Though they have expressed an altruistic intention of supporting and forwarding the cause of open source software, their history is pretty much against their own words.

Oracle speaks on Kubuntu: Installing Oracle 10g on Kubuntu Linux

Arguably Oracle 10g Enterprise Edition is the most commonly used database for enterprise applications. Financial institutions, government organizations, manufacturing companies, etc. all use this database for their enterprise needs. This blog talks about installing Oracle 10g Enterprise Edition on Kubuntu 8.0.4. Ever since its launch, Kubuntu and its GNOME cousin Ubuntu, have become a very popular flavor of GNU Linux for the desktop. I have been using the Ubuntu versions for quite some time now, and needless to say I have not felt the need to switch back to any other OS ever since.

During my attempts at installing Oracle, I was hugely helped by Tomasz Węgrzanowski blog. He deserves a big thanks. Its available at:
http://t-a-w.blogspot.com/2007/11/installing-oracle-10g-enterprise.html

I followed most of the steps described in Tomasz’s blog, but some I found were not required. So here’s my attempt at a slightly simpler instruction set.

It is assumed that Oracle 10g database software is already downloaded and there is a working version of Kubuntu 8.0.4. These software can be downloaded from:

• Oracle: http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/oracle10g/htdocs/10201linuxsoft.html
• Kubuntu 8.0.4: http://www.kubuntu.org/getkubuntu

Also, the steps are for the 32-bit version of the database.

My installation target directory was /opt/oracle10g. Make sure that the target installation directory is writable by the user under which you want to install Oracle.

Oracle installation expects a few binaries in certain directories, namely basename and awk. The installer expects both these binaries to be available under /bin. So we need to create a couple of links to these directories:

prosenjit@vito:~$ sudo ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basenameprosenjit@vito:~$ sudo ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk

You can test these by invoking /bin/awk and /bin/basename from a console window.

Once this is done, its time to run the installer. To do so change into the directory where you have unzipped the Oracle distribution and invoke the following command:

prosenjit@vito:~$ ./runInstaller -ignoresysprereqs

The -ignoresysprereqs flag instructs the installer to ignore the supported Linux distribution check. Since Kubuntu is still not supported by Oracle as an official release platform, this flag is necessary.

Running the installer should show up a GUI. Follow the instructions till the installer asks you to run one or more scripts. For me there was only one script:

/opt/oracle10g/root.sh

The location of the script depends on the target directory you have chosen and also on the operating system. Once this is done, come back to the GUI and perform the next steps. This should install Oracle properly in your system.

To start Oracle certain environment settings have to be done. Usually I prefer to put these entries into my .bashrc file. That way I do not have to do so everytime I want to start or stop Oracle. Here are my settings:

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle10gexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/libexport ORACLE_OWNR=prosenjitexport PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport ORACLE_SID=oradab10 (During installation I had created a databasewith the SID oradab10)

Thats about it. Other than this you might need to do some work on the listener.ora and tnsnames.ora file.

My tnsname.ora file has the following:

oradab10 =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SID = oradab10) ))

My listenr.ora has the following entry:

SID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_LIST =(SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc) (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle10g) (PROGRAM = extproc))(SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = oradab10) (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle10g)))

To start Oracle first you need to start the listener. Open a console window and type in the following command:

prosenjit@vito:~$ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 30-JUL-2008 22:59:26

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /opt/oracle10g/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /opt/oracle10g/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /opt/oracle10g/network/log/listener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias                     LISTENERVersion                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - ProductionStart Date                30-JUL-2008 22:59:26Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 secTrace Level               offSecurity                  ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP                      OFFListener Parameter File   /opt/oracle10g/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File         /opt/oracle10g/network/log/listener.logListening Endpoints Summary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))Services Summary...Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...Service "oradab10" has 1 instance(s).Instance "oradab10", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...The command completed successfully

Now start the Oracle database with the following command:

prosenjit@vito:~$ dbstartProcessing Database instance "oradab10": log file /opt/oracle10g/startup.log

To verify that the Oracle process was started invoke the following command at the console:

prosenjit@vito:~$ ps -ef|grep ora

You should get an output similar to:

root      5602  5497  0 21:15 ?        00:00:00 hald-addon-storage: polling /dev/scd0 (every 2 sec)1000      6277     1  0 22:59 ?        00:00:00 /opt/oracle10g/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit1000      6351     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_pmon_oradab101000      6353     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_psp0_oradab101000      6355     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_mman_oradab101000      6357     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_oradab101000      6359     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_lgwr_oradab101000      6361     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_ckpt_oradab101000      6363     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_oradab101000      6365     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_reco_oradab101000      6367     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_cjq0_oradab101000      6369     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmon_oradab101000      6371     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_mmnl_oradab101000      6373     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_d000_oradab101000      6375     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_s000_oradab101000      6379     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_qmnc_oradab101000      6383     1  1 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_j000_oradab101000      6385     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_j001_oradab101000      6387     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_j002_oradab101000      6389     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_j003_oradab101000      6391     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_j004_oradab101000      6395     1  0 23:00 ?        00:00:00 ora_q000_oradab101000      6397     1  0 23:01 ?        00:00:00 ora_q001_oradab101000      6400  6249  0 23:01 pts/1    00:00:00 grep ora

To stop a running instance issue the following command:

prosenjit@vito:~$ dbshut

This will shutdown your database, but the listener is still running. To stop the listener:

prosenjit@vito:~$ lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 30-JUL-2008 23:03:15

Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)))The command completed successfully

Thats pretty much it. Oh, I had faced a problem while starting the Oracle instance when I rebooted the machine. It turned out to be a problem with the /etc/oratab file. The entry in my /etc/oratab file is:

oradab10:/opt/oracle10g:Y

The ending Y seemed to make all the difference.

Hope this helps.